This standard gives the terminologies and definitions of the most important natural fibres for textiles according to their specific constitution or origin, the corresponding generic names and common names are provided.
This standard is applicable to natural fibre for textiles.
Note: see Annex A for the common names of various natural fibres defined in this standard.
2 Type of Natural Fibres
2.1 Natural Fibres
Natural fibres can be categorized according to their origin into animal, vegetable and mineral fibres.
2.2 Animal Fibres
These include in particular:
——fibres from silk glands, secreted by some insects, particularly by larvae of the lepidopter order, in the form of two filaments of fibroin cemented together by sericin.
——fibres secreted by some molluscs.
——fibres from hair follicles, with a multicellular structure, composed of keratin.
2.3 Vegetable Fibres
These include in particular:
——fibres from seeds: single-cell structure, generated by the epidermal cells of the seed, almost entirely constituted of cellulose.
——fibres from bast: fibres obtained from the bast of certain plants, mainly constituted of cellulose and accompanied with incrusting and intercellular materials (pectin bodies, hemicellulose, lignin).
——fibres from leaf: fibres obtained from leaves, constituted chiefly of cellulose plus incrusting and intercellular materials, consisting of lignin and hemicelluloses.
——fibres from fruit: fibres obtained from fruit, constituted chiefly of cellulose plus incrusting and intercellular materials, consisting of lignin and hemicelluloses.
2.4 Mineral Fibres
Mineral fibres are obtained from rocks of fibrous structure, constituted principally of silicates.
3 Terminologies and Definitions
3.1 Animal Fibres
3.1.1 See Table 1 for fibres from silk glands.
GB/T 11951-2018 The following standards are cited：
