This standard establishes the fundamental principles of ergonomics as basic guidelines for the design of work systems, defines relevant basic terms and describes an integrated approach to the design of work systems. This method needs that ergonomists will cooperate with others involved in the design, with attention to the human, the social and the technical requirements in a balanced manner during the design process.
Users of this International Standard will include managers; workers (or their representatives); and professionals such as ergonomists, project managers and designers who are involved in the design or redesign of work systems. Those who use this International Standard may find a general knowledge of ergonomics (human factors), engineering, design, quality and project management helpful.
The term “work system” in this standard is used to indicate a large variety of working situations. The intention is to improve, (re)design or change work systems. A work system involves a combination of people and equipment, within a given space and environment, and the interactions between these components within a work organization. Work systems vary in complexity and characteristics. Some examples of work systems are: a machine with a single person; a process plant including its operating and maintenance personnel; an airfield with users and personnel; an office with its workers; and computer-based interactive systems. The observance of ergonomic principles applies also to the installation, adjustment, maintenance, cleaning, repair, removal and transport of work systems.
The systems approach in this standard gives guidance to the users of this standard in existing and new situations.
The definitions and ergonomic guiding principles specified in this standard apply to the design of optimal working conditions with regard to human well-being, safety and health, including the development of existing skills and the acquisition of new ones, whilst taking into account technological and economic effectiveness and efficiency.
While the principles in this standard are oriented to the design of work systems, they are applicable to any field of human activity, e.g. in the design of products for domestic and leisure activities.
Note: This standard is considered to be the core ergonomic standard from which many others on specific issues are derived.
前言Ⅲ
引言Ⅳ
1 范围1
2 术语和定义1
3 工作系统设计3
4 评价7
参考文献9
GB/T 16251-2008 The following standards are cited：
