1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic safeguarding technical requirements & measures and verification methods adopted for main dangers in metal-cutting machine tools (hereinafter referred to as machine tools) and the accessories.
This standard is applicable to all machine tools and accessories.
2 Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding correction to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, the parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 191 Packaging-Pictorial Marking for Handling of Goods (GB/T 191-2000, eqv ISO 780: 1997)
GB 1251.1 Danger signals for work places-Auditory danger signals (GB 1251.1-1989, eqv ISO 7731: 1986)
GB 1251.2 Ergonomics-Visual danger signals-General requirements, design and testing (GB 1251.2-1996, eqv ISO/DIS 11428: 1992)
GB 1251.3 Ergonomics-System of danger and non-danger signals with sound and light (GB 1251.3-1996, eqv ISO/DIS 11429: 1992)
GB 2893 Safety colors (GB 2893-2001)
GB 2894 Safety signs (GB 2894-1996, neq ISO 3864: 1984)
GB/T 3167 Symbols for indications appearing on machine tools (GB/T 3167-1993, neq ISO 7000: 1984)
GB/T 3168 Numerical control of machine-Symbols (GB/T 3168-1993, neq ISO 2972: 1979)
GB 5226.1-2002 Safety of machinery-Electrical equipment of machines-Part 1: General requirements (idt IEC 60204-1: 2000)
GB/T 6576 Machine tools--Lubrication systems (GB/T 6576-2002, ISO 5170: 1977, MOD)
GB 7247.1 Safety of laser products--Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and users guide (GB 7247.1-2001, idt IEC 60825: 1993)
GB/T 7932 Pneumatic fluid power-General rules relating to systems (G8/T 7932--2003/ISO 4414: 1998, ISO 4414: 1998, IDT)
GB/T 8196 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards (GB/T 8196-2003, IS0 14120: 2002, MOD)
GB 9969.1 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products (GB 9969.1-1998)
GB 12265.1 Safety of machinery--safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs (GB 12265.1-1997, eqv EN 249: 1992)
GB 12265.2 Safety of machinery--Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs (GB 12265.2-2000, eqv EN 811: 1994)
GB 12265.3 Safety of machinery--Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body (GB 12265.3-1997, eqv EN 349: 1993)
GB/T 13379 Principles of visual ergonomics-The lighting of indoor work systems (GB/T 13379-1992, neq ISO 8995: 1989)
GB/T 14775 General ergonomics requirements for controller (GB/T 14775-1993)
GB/T 14776 Ergonomics-Principles for determining dimensions of work places in manufacturing areas and the dimensions (GB/T 14776-1993)
GB/T 15241.2 Ergonomic principles related to mental workload--Part 2: Design principles (GB/T 15241.2-1999, idt ISO 10075-2: 1996)
GB/T 15706.1-1995 Safety of machinery-Basic concept, general principles for design-Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (eqv ISO/TR 12100-1: 1992)
GB/T 15706.2-1995 Safety of machinery-Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (eqv ISO/TR 12100-2: 1992)
GB/T 16251 Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems (GB/T 16251-1996, eqv ISO 6385: 1981)
GB 16754 Safety of machinery-Emergency stop-Principles for design (GB 16754-1997, eqv ISO/IEC 13850: 1995)
GB/T 16769 Metal-cutting machine tools-Measurement method of sound pressure level (GB/T 16769-1997)
GB/T 16855.1-1997 Safety of machinery-Safety-related parts of control systems-Part 1: General principles for design (GB/T 16855.1-1997, eqv prEN 954-1: 1994)
GB/T 16856 Safety of machinery-Principles for risk assessment (GB/T 16856-1997, eqv prEN 1050-12: 1994)
GB/T 17161 Machine tools-Direction of operation of controls (GB/T 17161-1997, eqv ISO 447: 1984)
GB/T 17454.1 Safety of machinery-Pressure-sensitive protective devices-Part 1: General principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors (GB/T 17454.1-1998, neq prEN 1760-1: 1994)
GB 17888.1 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part 1: Choice of a fixed means of access between two levels (GB 17888.1-1999, eqv IS0/DIS 14122-1: 1996)
GB 17888.2 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (GB 17888.2-1999, eqv ISO/DIS 14122-2: 1996)
GB 17888.3 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part 3: Stairs stepladders and guard-rails (GB 17888.3-1999, eqv ISO/DIS 14122-3: 1996)
GB 17888.4 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part 4: Fixed ladders (GB 17888.4-1999, eqv ISO/DIS 14122-4: 1996)
GB/T 18153 Safety of machinery--Temperatures of touchable surfaces--Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces (GB/T 18153-2000, eqv EN 563: 1994)
GB 18209.1 Safety of machinery--Indication, marking and actuation--Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (GB 18209.1-2000, idt IEC 61310-1: 1995)
GB 18209.2 Safety of machinery--Indication, marking and actuation--Part 2: Requirements for marking (GB 18209.2-2000, idt IEC 61310-2: 1995)
GB 18209.3-2002 Safety of machinery-Indication, marking and actuation-Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators (GB 18209.3-2002, idt IEC 61310-3: 1999)
GB/T 18569.1 Safety of machinery--Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery--Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers (GB/T 18569.1-2001, eqv ISO 14123-1: 1998)
GB/T 18569.2 Safety of machinery--Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery--Part 2: Methodology leading to verification procedures (GB/T 18569.2-2001, eqv ISO 14123-2: 1998)
GB/T 18717.1 Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery--Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole-body access into machinery (GB/T 18717.1-2002, neq ISO 15534-1: 2000)
GB/T 18717.2 Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery--Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for access of parts of the body into machinery (GB/T 18717.2-2002, neq ISO 15534-2: 2000)
GB/T 18717.3 Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery--Part 3: Anthropometric data (GB/T 18717.3-2002, neq ISO 15534-1: 2000)
GB/T 18831 Safety of machinery-Interlocking devices associated with guards-Principles for design and selection (GB/T 18831-2002, ISO 14119: 1998, MOD)
JB/T 5062 Information display equipment-The general require of man-machine engineering (JB/T 5062-1991)
JB/T 8356.1 Machine tool-Specification for products packaging (JB/T 8356.1-1996)
JB/T 8356.2 Machine tool-packing box (JB/T 8356.2-1996)
JB/T 8356.3 Medium and small wooden boxes for packing machine tools (JB/T 8356.3-1996)
JB/T 9878 Metal-cutting machine tools-Determination method of dust concentration (JB/T 9878-1999)
JB/T 9879 Metal cutting machine tools-Determination method of oil mist concentration (JB/T 9879-1999)
JB/T 10051 Hydraulic system general specifications for metal-cutting machine tools (JB/T 10051-1999)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions as well as those in GB/T 15706.1-1995 are applicable to this standard.
3.1
Safety of machine tools
It refers to that the machine tools do not cause personnel injury or health hazard and equipment damage during operation, transportation, installation, adjustment, maintenance, disassembly and treatment, under the predetermined usage conditions (or given period) specified in the instructions.
Note: predetermined usage refers to the reasonable usage of the machine tool according to the information supplied by the manufacturer. Predetermined usage shall be consistent with the instruction, and foreseeable misuses shall be taken into proper consideration.
3.2
Machine tools danger
It refers to the conditions that cause personnel injury or health hazard and equipment damage, under the still or operating state of machine tools.
3.3
Risk
It is the combination of probability and degree of damage or health hazard under the danger state.
[Section 3.7 of GB/T 15706.1-1995]
3.4
Machine tools danger zone
It refers to the area that may cause personnel injury and equipment damage under the still or operating state of machine tools.
3.5
Machining area
It refers to the area passed by the cut-workpiece on the machine tool.
3.6
Working area
It refers to the area may appear in the working process, including the positions required by the machine tool moving parts, the positions required for loading and unloading, as well as the positions required for operation, adjustment and maintenance of machine tools.
3.7
Guard
It refers to a part of machine tool used exclusively in providing safeguarding by object obstruction mode. Guard may be shell, shield, screen, door and enclosing guard according to the structures.
[Article 3.22 of GB/T 15706.1-1995]
3.8
Safety device
It refers to the single device or the device (not guard) joint used with guard for eliminating or reducing risk.
[Article 3.23 of GB/T 15706.1-1995]
3.9
Information for use
It refers to the safety measure composed of various communication links, such as characters, marks, signals, symbols or drawings. These communication links may separately or jointly transfer information to the users to guide professional and (or) non-professional users.
[Article 3.20 of GB/T 15706.1-1995]
3.10
Operator
Operator refers to the personnel responsible for installation, usage, adjustment, maintenance, clean, repair or transportation of machine tools.
[Article 3.21 of GB/T 15706.1-1995]
