This standard specifies the electrostatic discharge (ESD) tolerance test methods necessary to evaluate electrical/electronic component intended for vehicle use in the cases of ESD in assembly, ESD caused by service staff and ESD caused by occupants, including component and vehicle level tests.
This standard is applicable to electrical/electronic component for Types M, N, O and L vehicles, regardless of vehicle propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition engine, diesel engine, electric motor).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions established in GB/T 29259-2012 and the following ones apply.
3.1
device under test; DUT
single component or combination of components as defined to be tested
3.2
air discharge
test method characterized by bringing the test generator electrode close to the device under test (DUT); the discharge is by arcing on the DUT
3.3
contact discharge
test method characterized by contact of the test generator electrode with the DUT, where discharge is initiated by the generator discharge switch
3.4
direct discharge
test method characterized by discharging directly on the DUT
3.5
indirect discharge
test method characterized by discharging on a coupling plane near the DUT Generally, indirect discharge simulates discharge by a human being on objects adjacent to the DUT.
3.6
surface
uninterrupted housing area, gap or opening Example: rocker switches, points of contact, air vents, speaker openings.
3.7
holding time
interval of time within which the decrease of the test voltage due to leakage, prior to the discharge, is 10%
3.8
horizontal coupling plane; HCP
metal plane oriented in horizontal direction, to which discharges are applied to simulate discharge to objects adjacent to the DUT
4 Test conditions
The ambient conditions during the test are as follows. If other ambient conditions are adopted, these conditions shall be documented in the test report:
——ambient temperature: (25±10)℃;
——relative humidity: 20%~60% (20℃ and 30% relative humidity preferred).
The user shall specify the test level(s), see Annex C.
5 Test location
Test shall be carried out in a laboratory that meets the ambient conditions. Special locations, such as shielded enclosures or absorber-lined shielded enclosures may be used.
Note: ESD test creates transient fields, which can interfere with sensitive electronic devices or receivers, even at a distance of a few meters. It is advisable that this be considered when choosing a test location.
6 Test apparatus
6.1 ESD generator
The ESD generator shall be able to generate a repetition rate of at least 10 discharges per second in either automatic or manual control without any degradation of the discharge current waveform. In cases where a 2m length of the discharge return cable is insufficient (e.g. for tall DUTs), a length not exceeding 3m may be used and compliance with the waveform shall be guaranteed. The ESD generator characteristics are as specified in Table 1.
Note: when an ESD generator is supplied from an external supply source or controlled by a separate unit, the connecting cable(s) shall be kept at a distance from the discharge return cable of the ESD generator to prevent unintended current from flowing through this/these cable(s).
Table 1 ESD generator characteristics and parameters
Characteristic Parameter
Output voltage range in contact discharge mode 2kV~15kV (or as required in the test plan a)
Output voltage range in air discharge mode 2kV~25kV (or as required in the test plan a)
Output voltage accuracy ≤5%
Output polarity Positive and negative
Rise time of short circuit current in contact discharge mode 0.7ns~1.0ns
Hold time ≥5s
Storage capacitances 150pF, 330pF
Discharge resistances 330Ω, 2 000Ω
a See examples in Annex C.
6.2 Discharge electrodes
6.2.1 Contact discharge electrode
The discharge electrode for contact mode is typically made of stainless steel, as shown in Figure 1.
GB/T 19951-2019 The following standards are cited：
